The best answers is marked in bold green.
1) Please answer
correctly, as it will be graded. The subject of this course is _______.
A) Environmental Science
B)
Underwater Basket Weaving
C) Advanced Soil Physics
D) Chemical Thermodynamics
2) _________ is
the time between a stimulus and a systemÕs response to that
stimulus.
A) Lag time
B)
Environmental persistence
C) Delayed gratification
D) Feedback
3) The example
of deforestation at Amboseli National
Reserve in
southern Kenya shows that environmental change is often caused by
________.
A) humans
B) factors that are not
immediately
obvious
C)
marauding elephants
D) overgrazing
4) In
Environmental Science, a "system" is ________.
A) difficult, if not impossible to define and study
B) composed of intricate parts
C) extremely complicated in function
D) a set of parts that
function together
to act as a whole.
5) The
recognition that civilization can change the entire planetÕs
environment is
a(n) _________ phenomenon.
A) recent
B)
outrageous
C) ombrotrophic
D) long understood
6) The most
basic environmental problem is ____.
A) deforestation
B) human population
increase
C)
per capita resource allocation
D) environmental degradation
7) What is the
most fundamental ecological problem in todayÕs world?
A) Global warming
B) Loss of biodiversity
C) Population growth
D)
Loss of ecosystems
8) ____________
is the approximate current population of the planet Earth.
A) 2.5 billion
B) 3.8 billion
C) 4.5 billion
D) 6.8 billion
9) Because our
planet and its resources cannot expand as our population does, human
population
will eventually be limited by some factor or combination of factors.
Which of
the following belong to the long-term factors?
A) Outbreak of new diseases
B) Desertification
C) Decline in
groundwater supply
D)
a) and b) are both long-term factors
10) In Stage III
of population growth, the birth rate ______, so growth rate declines.
A) drops toward the
death rate
B)
remains steady
C) increases exponentially
D) approaches zero
11) The first
country to adopt an official population policy in 1952 was ______.
A) India
B)
the United States
C) Tanzania
D) Brazil
12) Living
things need just 24 essential elements. These 24 elements are divided
into
categories; _____________ and ____________
A) metals, non-metals
B) macronutrients,
micronutrients
C)
organic, inorganic
D) moderate toxic, highly toxic
13) Which of
these scales is used to assess earthquake intensity?
A) Celsius
B) Richter
C)
Beaufort
D) Tectonic index
14) What is the
name of the process in which bacteria converts organic nitrogen to
ammonia,
nitrate, or molecular nitrogen?
A) Nitrification
B) Nitrofurantain
C) Nitrogen cycle
D) Denitrification
15) A _________ is
a process in which new chemicals
are formed from elements and compounds
that undergo a chemical change.
A) chemical deposition
B) chemical decomposition
C) chemical reaction
D)
chemical toxicity
16) Most of the
earth's fresh water is stored in _____.
A) glaciers and ice caps
B)
the oceans
C) rivers
D) lakes
17) For life to
be sustained indefinitely within an ecosystem, _____ must be
continually added.
A) energy
B)
nutrients
C) organisms
D) chlorophyll
18) Complex
feeding patterns for consumers in an ecosystem are called ____.
A) food webs
B)
food chains
C) trophic levels
D) pyramids of energy
19) When humans
do not interfere, predator/prey populations _______.
A) vary widely
B)
change very slightly
C) do not change at all
D) increase to their highest amounts
20) What a
species does for a living is termed its ______.
A) environmental abode
B) habitat
C) residence
D) ecological niche
21) The term
_________ describes a relationship between two organisms that is
beneficial to
both and enhances each organismÕs chances of persisting.
A) mutual benefit
B) symbiosis
C)
competitive exclusion
D) biodiversity
22) Sea otters
are an example of a _____ species in how they impact other species in
kelp
beds.
A) renovating
B) mutualist
C) predator
D) keystone
23) In a food
web, energy and chemical elements are transferred _______ trophic
levels.
A) down through
B) up through
C)
into and out of
D) creatively
24) ______
is(are) the wealth of species that live on Earth.
A) Biological diversity
B)
Ecosystems
C) Biological communities
D) Keystone species
25) Among the
causes of evolution is(are) ______.
A) differences among
individuals in their
adaption to the environment
B)
mutualistic adaptation
C) biological responses
D) species conditioning
26) Genetic
drift refers to changes in the genetic makeup of a population due to
___________.
A) chance
B)
evolution
C) ecological adaptation
D) convergent evolution
27) Charles
Darwin's observation of variation of finches (birds) on islands visited
by the
vessel the Beagle, was an example of ____.
A) adaptive radiation
B)
evolutionary elimination
C) extinction
D) predatory behavior
28) It is
estimated that how many species have gone extinct during the last
several
billion years of Earth's existence?
A) millions
B)
hundreds of millions
C) billions
D) trillions
29) The
International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN) estimates
that ____
of all species are threatened with extinction.
A) 0.1 percent
B) 0.3 percent
C) 1 percent
D)
5.56 percent
30) What is the
first step in restoration planning?
A) List the goals of the restoration
B) Understand why the
restoration is
needed
C)
Describe the areas to be restored
D) Determine the economic impacts of restoration
31) An example
of where primary succession would be happening is a(n) _______.
A) Lava flow
B)
Forest fire
C) Abandoned mine
D) Glacial
retreat
32) In the
Everglades, what was not one of the objectives of restoration?
A) Restore a natural flow of water to the Everglades
B) Recovery of native species
C) Flood control
protection
D)
Restore habitat for all wildlife
33) Restoration
ecology's goal is to return damaged, degraded, or destroyed ecosystems
to some
set of conditions _______.
A) functional,
sustainable, and natural
B)
pristine and desirable
C) like those that existed before the change
D) that are economically viable
34) _______ is
the reestablishment and of an ecosystem following a disturbance.
A) Primary succession
B) Ecological restoration
C) Biological development
D) Secondary succession
35) What is the
primary cause of degradation of the Florida Everglades?
A) rapid loss of biodiversity
B) overhunting
C) introduced invasive species
D) drainage of water
36) The idea
that natural resources should be used wisely to the maximum benefit of
society
and not wasted describes:
A) Conservation
B)
Utilitarian
C) Nonutilitarian
D) Preservation
37) What is the
reason for reindeer decline after they were introduced on the islands
in
Alaska?
A) Overhunting
B) Inadequate food supply
C)
Temperature change
D) Disease
38) For fun (any
answer will be considered correct). What is the answer to the Ultimate
Question
of Life, the Universe, and Everything?
A) 3.1415926
B) 16
C) 23
D) 42
see
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phrases_from_The_Hitchhiker%27s_Guide_to_the_Galaxy
39) According to
the discussion list the Washington State Department of Ecology states
that
every person in Washington State produces _____ of waste each day.
A) 6.8
B)
15.6
C) 25.2
D) 40.9
40) According to
the EPA, what percent of food waste currently is landfilled?
A) 12 percent
B) 70 percent
C) 82 percent
D) 98 percent