The best answers is marked in bold
green.
1)
Please answer correctly, as it will be graded. The subject of this
course is
_______.
A) Environmental
Science
B)
Underwater Basket Weaving
C) Advanced Soil Physics
D) Chemical Thermodynamics
2)
The current consumption of the Earth's renewable natural resources is
estimated
to be about _________ the EarthÕs biological productivity
replaces each year.
A) 50 percent greater than
B) 20 percent greater
than
C)
10
percent less than
D) about the same as
3)
The "balance of nature" means that _______.
A) natural events lead to devastating, permanent changes in ecosystems
B) humans and animals can coexist in harmony
C) carnivores and predators will balance each other's numbers
D) natural systems that
are not disturbed by people tend to persist in a steady state
4)
Positive feedback occurs when
________.
A) an increase in
output leads to a further increase in the output
B)
an
increase in output leads to a further decrease in the output
C) no change in the system
D) serious environmental problems
5)
We use both ____ and ____ to solve environmental problems.
A) technology, work
B) money, hypotheses
C) science, values
D)
mythology, veganism
6)
When we harvest a product from an ecosystem, we need to be concerned
about the
_______ of the harvest.
A) sustainability
B)
demographics
C) amount
D) financial incentives
7)
Which of these positive environmental effects are mainly caused by the
fact
that human population is constantly decreasing?
A) Development of new eco-friendly technologies used to produce energy
B) Reduction in the amount and concentration of green house gases in
the
atmosphere
C) There is no positive
effect because human population is currently increasing
D)
People
are more "engaged" about the environment
8)
What kind of curve shape best describes the current pattern at which
global
population is changing?
A) "J" shaped
curve
B)
Negative
slope straight line
C) "S" shaped curve
D) None of the above. Human population is constantly changing, and
cannot be
estimated
9)
Which of the following is not a typical population's age structure?
A) Pyramid
B) Column with bulge
C) Inverted pyramid
D) Inflected pyramid
10)
What is the most accurate estimate of how many people the planet can
support
with basic requirements of life?
A) From 1 to 5.5 billion
B) From 1 to 6.8 billion
C) From 2.5 to 6.8 billion
D) From 2.5 to 40
billion
11)
The cause of the highest number of deaths in the United States in 1998
was
______.
A) suicide
B) accidents
C) heart disease
D)
cancer
12)
Which of the following is not a component of the EarthÕs major
reservoirs?
A) Atmosphere
B) Lithosphere
C) Hydrosphere
D) Mesosphere
13)
Which of these cycles is not part of the geologic cycle?
A) Metamorphic
B)
Hydrologic
C) Biogeochemical
D) Tectonic
14)
Approximately how long has the Earth's geologic cycle been functioning?
A) 200 million years
B) 1.5 billion years
C) 4.6 billion years
D)
10.2
billion years
15)
Seattle started discharging treated wastewater into Puget Sound instead
of Lake
Washington in 1968 because of _____ contamination problems.
A) phosphorus
B)
nitrogen
C) cyanide
D) bioremedial oxygen demand
16)
What essential element is acquired by plants primarily from the air?
A) calcium
B) potassium
C) aerium
D) carbon
17)
The erosion of the Grand Canyon is an example of the effects of _____.
A) nutrient cycling
B) Techtonic
uplift
C)
geological deposition
D) rock formation
18)
A group of individuals of the same species occupying a given area at
the same
time is called a ____.
A) species
B) population
C)
community
D) genus
19)
Photosynthesis ____.
A) converts glucose into energy and water.
B) requires the combustion of carbon.
C) produces carbon dioxide and oxygen gas.
D) yields glucose and
oxygen gas as products.
20)
The place where a species lives is termed its ______.
A) residence
B) ecological niche
C) habitat
D)
environmental abode
21)
The competitive exclusion principle indicates that two species that
compete for
the same resources ______.
A) cannot coexist in
the same habitat
B)
add to
the biological diversity
C) remain contant in numbers
D) can increase the biological integrity
22)
Symbiosis in nature is _________.
A) always detrimental to species
B) very rare
C) widespread
D)
internal
23)
We call the group of organisms and their interactions with the living
and
nonliving environment a(n) ________.
A) ecosystem
B)
symbiotic
entity
C) free living system
D) mutualist society
24)
A change in the genetic composition of a population over successive
generations
is called ____.
A) emigration.
B) mutation.
C) natural selection.
D) genetic drift
25)
Among the causes of evolution is(are) ______.
A) species conditioning
B) mutualistic adaptation
C) biological responses
D) Competition for
resources
26)
_______ occurs when two or more species are isolated and evolve
differently.
A) Ecological adaptation
B) Species migration
C) Divergent evolution
D)
convergent evolution
27)
The failure of antimalarial efforts starting in 1957 over time shows
how
organisms can develop ________.
A) populations
B) biological integrity
C) resistence
D)
embryonic
adaptation
28)
_______ is best defined as the total number of genetic characteristics
of a
specific species, subspecies, or group of species.
A) genetic succession
B) genetic drift
C) genetic diversity
D)
biodiversity
29)
Biologists estimate that ________ species exist on Earth today.
A) 80-200 thousand
B) 300-500 thousand
C) 1-2 million
D) 3-10 million
30)
_________ is the initial establishment and development of an ecosystem
where
one did not exist.
A) Secondary succession
B) Tertiary succession
C) Primary succession
D) Restoration
31)
What was the most successful restoration method for lead mines in
England?
A) Fertilizer applications
B) Fast-growing commercial grasses
C) Top soil
D) Slow-growing native
grasses
32)
Dune grass is an example of a(n) ________ in succession.
A) Interferer
B) Facilitator
C)
Remediator
D) Obligator
33)
The Fort Valley Experimental Forest shows that it can be a problem
ecologically
to ________ fire.
A) increase
B) prescribe burn
C) eliminate
D)
propagate
34)
_______ is the initial establishment and development of an ecosystem
where one
did not exist.
A) Biological development
B) Ecological restoration
C) Primary succession
D)
Secondary
succession
35)
Left undisturbed for a long time, an ecosystem _______ its stored
elements.
A) slowly loses
B)
rapidly
loses
C) slowly increases
D) rapidly increases
36)
Which species is best suited to clearcutting in the Pacific Northwest?
A) Western red cedar
B) Western hemlock
C) Douglas-fir
D)
Ponderosa
pine
37)
Aldo Leopold developed the term _______, which holds that all of
EarthÕs
resources have the right to exist in a natural state, and humans should
not be
conquerors of those resources, but citizens of the Earth and protectors
of
resources.
A) Conservation
B) Preservation
C) Restoration
D) The Land Ethic
38)
For fun (any answer will be considered correct). What is the answer to
the
Ultimate Question of Life, the Universe, and Everything?
A) 3.1415926
B) 42
C)
89
D) 102
see
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phrases_from_The_Hitchhiker%27s_Guide_to_the_Galaxy
39)
According to the discussion list, it is estimated that the Great
Pacific
Garbage Patch contains about ________ million tons of garbage and is
growing
daily.
A) 3.5
B)
12
C) 28
D) 150
40)
According to the discussion list, the population of China is ____
people.
A) 750 million
B) 1.2 billion
C)
1.7
billion
D) 1.825 billion